Environment and Development Social Behaviors and Health

Question: Examine about theEnvironment and Developmentfor Social Behaviors and Health. Answer: The world is quickly urbanizing with generous adjustments in the ways of life, way of life, social practices and wellbeing. In any case, the urban condition can force numerous wellbeing dangers and present new perils (WHO | Urbanization and wellbeing, 2017). As indicated by Frumkin (2016), creating nations encountering the rising medical problems related with urbanization for the most part incorporate ecological contamination related ailments, an upsurge of non-transferable maladies, poor water flexibly, and sanitation related illness trouble, the effect of environmental change and a worldwide temperature alteration on general wellbeing, disintegration of psychological well-being and so on. Ecological contaminations are expanding because of over the top vehicles and industrialization in the urban areas of the creating scene. It can cause genuine medical problems, for example, asthma, interminable respiratory illnesses, emphysema, heart maladies and a few kinds of malignancy (WHO | Urbanization and wellbeing, 2017). Diminished access to clear drinking water and poor sanitation are not kidding rising medical problems because of expanding urbanization which can prompt expanded scenes of looseness of the bowels and other water-borne illnesses. Segment and wholesome change because of urban way of life raising the level of non-transferable infections in the creating scene. Thehealtheffects of environmental change incorporate expanded cardiovascular and respiratory issue, wounds and passings as result of extraordinary climate events,increasein the event and land circulation of water and food-borne sicknesses, new transmittable contaminations, and weakening of mentalhealth (CDC - Climate Change and Public Health - Climate Effects on Health, 2017). Worldwide systems for manageable improvement are exceptionally affecting nearby activities. The maintainable advancement plan propelled by the United Nations (UN) endeavors to handle environmental change and a few related issues. Biologically Sustainable Developments speak to perhaps the best test for government, ventures, business and networks of Australia. Feasible advancements plan to satisfy the prerequisites of Australians in the current day while continuing the environments to help people in the future. Methodologies like Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement were propelled by the UN nations to fortify the worldwide reactions to environmental change. These worldwide methodologies contribute in building up the activities on a neighborhood level (Department of the Environment and Energy, Australian Government, 2017). The worldwide dangers presented by non-transmittable ailments and the need to convey viable and dire general wellbeing reactions were perceived by WHO and the worldwide systems for forestalling non-transferable sicknesses were created. In view of the proposal of WHO, general wellbeing systems in the counteraction of non-transferable maladies in Australia were created. Catastrophe strength is a developing concern. Worldwide procedures for setting up the urban territories to be as debacle flexibility as practical asking neighborhood governments to bring issues to light about catastrophe versatility among occupants. The Australian government likewise making systems or fiasco strength impacted by worldwide methodologies. Numerous worldwide procedures are there for the administration of risky waste (Frumkin, 2016). Dangerous waste administration demonstration of Australia is impacted by these worldwide systems. This demonstration affirms unsafe waste is managed appropriately with the goal that the earth and people, both inside and outside Australia, are shielded from the perilous impacts of these squanders (Department of the Environment and Energy, Australian Government, 2017). References CDC - Climate Change and Public Health - Climate Effects on Health. (2017). Cdc.gov. Branch of the Environment and Energy, Australian Government. (2017). Environment.gov.au. Frumkin, H. (2016).Environmental wellbeing: from worldwide to neighborhood. John Wiley Sons. WHO | Urbanization and wellbeing. (2017). Who.int.

Personal Statement Essay Samples For High School Students

Personal Statement Essay Samples For High School StudentsPersonal statement essays are often given by students when they apply to college. Some of them become a real pain in the neck for the schools, as they have to take the time to weed through them and decide which ones are the most pertinent to the applicants. There are, however, personal statement essay samples for high school students that will help make the essay a lot easier to write easily.One thing to keep in mind when writing a personal statement is that it should be more of a reflection of you and not an exact mirror of who you want to be. Many times the students will start their statement off with the phrase, 'I am the best thing to ever happen to my mom.' Sooner or later, they realize this is not who they are really and they try to add something later. Try to think about your own personal statement and then use that instead of starting off with something that sounds too corny.A personal statement is a story of a person's life and how he or she would like to change it. You don't want to be too obvious about it, so it can be very easy to skip this part entirely. Always give yourself a break when writing a personal statement.The next part of the statement should be about your personality. The people who work with the high schoolers have to sort through all the personality questions and when you get a long enough statement with no real answers, they will have to say that you don't fit the mold. If this happens, be honest about what you would change and why and you should still be accepted.Sometimes high school students can get a little caught up in what they want to do with their life. Don't let them control your future. Start by saying what you have in mind.Personal statement essay samples for high school students can come from you can take advantage of the resources available. Use your family members, friends, co-workers and even a counselor to help you. You will find that these places are willing to give you suggestions and help out because they know that it is a way for them to help you.Let everyone know in advance that you are not writing this on behalf of your previous student. It is not your story. Ask permission first if you have to use someone else's story to help you write your own personal statement. You can always contact them before hand to let them know that you would appreciate their support.These personal statement essay samples for high school students can come from you can take advantage of the resources available. Use your family members, friends, co-workers and even a counselor to help you. You will find that these places are willing to give you suggestions and help out because they know that it is a way for them to help you.

Mindfulness-Based Relationship Enhancement Benefits

Mindfulness-Based Relationship Enhancement Benefits Relationships Print Understanding Mindfulness-Based Relationship Enhancement By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Updated on October 20, 2019  Getty / Adam Berry / Stringer More in Relationships Spouses & Partners LGBTQ Violence and Abuse In This Article Table of Contents Expand Defining Mindfulness What Is MBRE? MBRE Techniques Benefits Research Practicing at Home View All Back To Top Mindfulness-based relationship enhancement (MBRE) is a set of techniques used with couples who are already content with each other (i.e. not in distress) to help strengthen coping skills related to stress within the relationship. All couples will face life challenges and stressors in their lifetime. As these difficult periods of life emerge, it is helpful for couples to have skills that promote working together and positive, adaptive coping strategies. That is where mindfulness-based relationship enhancement comes in. MBRE has been shown to be effective for boosting stress coping skills, increasing personal well-being, improving relationship happiness, and increasing stress management skills. The ultimate goal of mindfulness-based relationship enhancement is to learn how to be present in the moment, accepting of whatever challenges you are facing individually and as a couple, and taking your time reacting and making decisions to avoid the negative impact of hasty choices made in the heat of the moment. Defining Mindfulness Before we start to understand mindfulness-based relationship enhancement, it is helpful to take a step back and learn a bit about the concept of mindfulness. Mindfulness refers to being in a state of focused attention and awareness of your present experience. It also involves being curious, open, and accepting of that experience. When you are acting mindfully, you dont immediately react to thoughts or emotions that pass through your mind. Instead, you act as a non-judging observer who explores and acknowledges feelings without immediately reacting. In this way, the roots of mindfulness lie in Buddhist or Zen meditation. How does mindfulness help you? When you learn to practice mindfulness, you are learning how to cope in all of the different areas of your life. Rather than being a skill, mindfulness is a way of approaching life and the world. Mindfulness makes all things in life more pleasant, it helps you to think more clearly, aids in being in the moment, and increases your ability to cope with stressful events. Mindfulness Meditation: How Do I Do It? What Is Mindfulness-Based Relationship Enhancement? Mindfulness-based relationship enhancement is simply the extension of mindfulness techniques to the relationship realm. MBRE has the same purpose as mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), founded by American professor of medicine Jon Kabat-Zinn, except that it is applied to couples. Instead of allowing disagreements to escalate, which can happen when couples react in haste or out of anger or anxiety, MBRE teaches couples how to prevent and diffuse disagreements and conflict. 4 Components of MBRE There are four main areas on which MBRE is based as follows:Mindfulness: Learning to be non-judging of all experiences in the present moment (good and bad). This means experiencing present-moment awareness but not reacting to it.Acceptance: Learning to accept experiences as they are, which leads to increased compassion and empathy for yourself and your partner.Relaxation: Learning to generate the relaxation response, which helps to manage stress and improve feelings of well-being, clarity, and the ability to remain calm.Self-broadening: Developing a greater sense of trust, connection, and love for everyone. MBRE also involves gaining insight into your own patterns of interactions in your relationship, and feelings and thoughts. It could be that you and your spouse have each fallen into negative ways of thinking or interacting with each other that could be improved. Whats the advantage of mindfulness in a relationship? In general, being mindful as a couple means not getting caught up in both the little annoyances of life, as well as not being overwhelmed by the larger life challenges. It means being flexible and non-judgemental, accepting differences, being less reactive, and being more objective. All of these qualities, both on a personal level and as a couple, will serve you well in facing the world togetherâ€"as well as simply spending time with one another. MBRE Techniques The following are mindfulness-based relationship enhancement techniques that may be used as part of this set of strategies. Partner-focused loving-kindness meditation: Loving-kindness meditation is focused on care and concern for yourself and others. It involves learning to feel pure love and opening up your mind and heart to your partner. It also reflects selflessness and breaking down barriers.Learning to be mindful of daily pleasant events: This technique involves becoming open to the present moment in a non-judging way. This allows us to notice the smaller things in life that we may not normally notice. It also promotes gratitude and being thankful for pleasant experiences.Improving intimacy through mindful touching and eye-gazing: Mindful touching and eye gazing involve touching your partner or looking into your partners eyes and noticing whatever you feel in the moment. Benefits What are the established benefits of mindfulness-based relationship enhancement? There is robust and growing scientific evidence to support the positive effects of the use of mindfulness in improving relationships. Some of the many benefits of MBRE include: Increased relationship satisfactionIncreased acceptance of ones partnerImproved individual well-beingLowered relationship distressIncreased self-reported empathyIncreased ability to respond to relationship stressImproved emotional stress responsesImprovements in perceptions of the relationship (before and after disagreements)More adaptive communication stylesImproved relaxation responseDevelopment of a buffer against chronic stressCalming of emotional arousal Mindfulness-based relationship enhancement can involve using strategies individually (such as practicing mindfulness on your own) or as a couple. These strategies allow you to become better in tune with yourself and your partner, to increase your empathy, and see problems that arise as challenges to be overcome rather than as threats to your relationship. Think of the last time you found yourself upset in your relationship. Chances are that instead of collaboration and understanding, one or both of you were upset and being confrontational. While stress can lead to conflict and negative emotions, when you practice mindfulness, you will experience compassion and acceptance in the moment, which will improve outcomes for your relationship. Could Negativity Be Hurting Your Marriage? Research A 2004 study in the journal Behavior Therapy investigated the use of mindfulness-based relationship enhancement to enhance the relationships of couples who were happy and not in distress. The study showed that there were positive outcomes of MBRE in the following areas. In addition, all of these benefits continued to show at a 3-month follow-up in the study. Benefits for Couples Enhanced relationship satisfaction Improved autonomy Improved relatedness Increased closeness Increased acceptance of each other Lower relationship distress Benefits for Individuals Increased optimism Enhanced spirituality Improved relaxation Reduced psychological distress A 2015 phenomenological study published in the Journal of Marital and Family Therapy investigated the impact of a relationship enhancement program for couples expecting their first child. This program was called the 4-Week Mindful Transition to Parenthood Program and involved mindfulness practices and interpersonal activities with an aim of developing personal and interpersonal skills for being in tune with oneself and each other in a couple. The study involved semi-structured interviews with 13 couples and identified four areas of improvement after the mindfulness program: Positive change for individuals in terms of awareness and acceptanceImprovements in the couple relationship such as a deeper connection with each otherFeeling more prepared for the arrival of the baby and more confident as parentsMore involvement and better identification on the part of fathers These study findings highlight the benefits of MBRE in terms of positive enhancements for both individuals in the relationship as well as the couple as a whole unit. Practicing at Home How can you practice mindfulness-based relationship enhancement on your own at home? One way to do this is to draw on the techniques of MBRE on your own. Below is a list of quick mindfulness strategies that you can employ on your own as a couple to start adding mindfulness to your relationship. Disconnect. Put away your phones when you are together. Be in the moment and talk to each other.Listen actively. Rather than thinking about what you will say next, listen to what your partner says. Ask questions and be curious.Feel grateful. Notice the times when your partner makes you feel happy and feel gratitude for those moments.Be silent. Enjoy a bit of silence together. You dont always need to be talking to connect.Respond. Instead of reacting with anger or emotions, take a breath, and respond in a rational way to problems that come up or the challenges that you face together.Create a vision. Make a list of 10 to 20 ways that you want to interact with each other in the future, such as We support each others growth or We do something new or fun together once a month.Engage in caring behaviors. Ask your partner what things make them feel good, and make a commitment to do those special things on a regular basis. Examples might include buying flowers or holding hands.Daily apprecia tion. Make a habit of expressing appreciation for each other once a day. Take a moment free of distractions and describe to each other something that the other person did that made you feel good.See through new eyes. Slow down for a moment and see your partner through new eyes. Really notice things about your loved one that you take for granted, and fall in love all over again.Eye gazing. Take a few minutes and spend it gazing into each others eyes. This type of extended eye gaze increases oxytocin, which is the hormone that increases bonding.Embrace. When you first see each other at the end of the day, before you say anything, embrace without talking until the point that you feel both of you relaxing. This engages the vagus nerve, which helps induce the relaxation response.Breathe together. Practice mindful breathing together, in which you slow down in the inhale and exhale. This practice will also induce a relaxation response.Mindful conversation. When you talk to each other, prac tice being open-minded and non-judgmental. Whether you have a deep conversation or a good laugh, be present at the moment without reacting or judging.Be compassionate. See your partner in a compassionate way. In what ways has he or she suffered? See your partner not as an enemy but as a person needing compassion.Meditate together. Find a loving-kindness meditation or another type of meditation on Youtube and practice it together. One practice that a couple can do to grow closer, that is easy and  wholesome, is  mindfulness meditation.Mindful touching. Spend time touching each other in an intentional way, rather than mindlessly. Be aware of what you are doing and focus on the moment.Think before speaking. Before talking to your partner, take a moment to think about what you want to say and make sure that you are clear on what you want them to know and what result you want from the conversation. Also, be aware of how you are feeling in that moment. A Word From Verywell Mindfulness-based relationship enhancement has a long history and proven benefits to help you build a stronger and more resilient foundation as a couple. If you are already in a happy and positive relationship, MBRE may be helpful to prepare you for the life challenges you will eventually face, such as having children, job loss, financial difficulties, illness, etc. Whereas many couples may be thrown off by these events, through MBRE you will be better prepared to respond to each other in an adaptive way and be mindful of how your individual behavior affects your relationship and all areas of your life. How Imago Therapy Can Transform Your Relationship

The Theories Of Hominin Evolution By Richard Potts ( 1999 )

Humans, or Homo Sapiens, are extremely intelligent beings with complex cognitive and manipulative abilities who have taken over the world. How did humans come to be such a skillful and dominant species? Scientists for years have sought to fully understand the physical and cognitive evolution of the hominin clade. If human evolution did start off with apelike habits, why are there human traits such as terrestrial bipedality, toolmaking, and larger brains? When did these traits emerge? What gave rise to these traits? In his article, â€Å"Environmental Hypotheses of Hominin Evolution,† Richard Potts (1999) presents various explanations to these questions. He discusses the hypotheses of several scientists and anthropologists who attempt to explain major adaptations and tendencies that led to the origin of Homo Sapiens. There are three main types of explanations mentioned by Potts (1999) including: habitat-specific hypotheses, seasonality hypotheses, and variability selection hypo theses. They are all extrinsic approaches, which focus on how evolutionary events were caused by environmental changes. Habitat-specific hypotheses concentrate on a specific type of environment and what adaptations resulted in order to meet the distinctive demands of that setting. An example is the ice-age hypothesis which indicates that the progression of early human evolution happened in the severe settings of Pleistocene Europe. This idea derived from the discovery of human fossils and artifacts withShow MoreRelatedArchaeology Notes19985 Words   |  80 PagesW.S. NDIIRI | 1/4/2012 | | Table of Contents Definition of Terms 3 Fossils in Geological Context 5 The Earth in the Cenozoic 11 Origins of Primates 17 The Basis for Human Evolution 23 Origins of the Genus Homo 28 Origins of Modern Humans†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 32 Behavior and Evolution of Early Hominines†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦39 African Pre- Historic Art†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.49 Definition of Terms Angular torus a thickened bony

Schizophreni A Mental Illness - 1426 Words

Schizophrenia is a mental illness that is categorized as an s sever and debilitating illness, it is known to affect at least 1% of the world’s population. (Hirvonen, J., Hietala, J. 2011). Schizophrenia is seen to be a disease with functional abnormalities of different brain structures, for example like the striatum, hippocampus, and pre frontal cortex. ( Hirvonen, J., Hietala, J. 2011). Dopamine is always involved with schizophrenia and it’s known that schizophrenia isn’t caused by genetics, but it is seen as mixture of common and different environmental and interaction risk factors. (Hirvonen, J., Hietala, J. 2011). When a person is diagnose with schizophrenia it’s a mental illness they will have it for life but, with the correct†¦show more content†¦Also it ca be that they have powers that no one else has. Another thing can also be that there is something in their brain like a radar or a radio. (Carlson, 2014).The presence of hallucinations are also part of the positive symptom and what hallucinations is, it’s the presence of a vision that a schizophrenic sees that isn’t necessarily there, it can also be voices in their heads. A negative symptom can be the lack of presence of emotions or speech. The cognitive symptoms can be the lack of movement in the hands, feet, etc. It can be poor problem solving skills and problems in learning and memory. (Carlson, 2014). It can take up to three to five years for symptoms of schizophrenia to appear in a person. It begins with negative symptoms then cognitive and lastly positive which can appear months later. These three symptoms can give hints to a psychiatrics of the type of brain abnormalities that are at fault for this. (Carlson, 2014). Studies have showed that schizophrenia is not a genetic disease, there isn’t one single gene that causes schizophrenia. (Hirvonen, J., Hietala). There multiple risk factors that can cause schizophrenia in an individual. For example it can be an environmental or a genetic risk factor it can also be how they interact with others. (Hirvonen, J., Hietala).

Over Coming Fear Free Essays

General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: To inform my audience of the five characteristics that enable Marines to overcome fear. Central Idea: There are five characteristics of the Marine Corps that help Marines overcome fears. Introduction: Many Marines do not like to admit when they are scared. We will write a custom essay sample on Over Coming Fear or any similar topic only for you Order Now Some don’t ever show emotion. But everyone gets scared at some point in their life. It could be something as simple as getting a passing grade on a test or assignment. It could be as extreme as being part of an elite squad of ground pounding Marines who are getting ready to kick in doors or go in to rescue a sniper squad that has been pinned down by enemy fire. How do you think you would feel? Scared? Maybe a little intimidated? Heart racing maybe? Today I am going to inform you about the Marine Corps Principles for overcoming fear. I will describe and identify for you, the five characteristics that enable Marines to overcome fear every day. Those virtues are discipline, motivation, Esprit de Corps, morale, and proficiency. Discipline over the years has acquired at least three different meanings: punishment, obedience, and self-control. 1 Have you ever been in a situation that you knew you were doing something wrong, but you decided to do it anyway? Did you ever hear that little voice in the back of your head asking you â€Å"What if you get caught? What will this do for your future if you do get caught? † Military discipline is no different than that of any major sport, or at a university academically. If you do something that disrupts the good order of the system, there will be repercussions. There are several forms of punishment in the U. S. Marine Corps, ranging from an informal counseling to being dishonorably discharged for your actions. Obedience among military personnel is a result of the training that they have received throughout their careers. You do not want to become blindly obedient and closed minded in the Marine Corps. Doing such may result in the carrying out of improper or illegal orders. 2 True obedience implies exercising discipline as an active thinking participant and using proper judgment to determine if a situation is justified. Self-control is doing what is right even when no one is watching. You need to be able to control your emotions in situations that may cause a normal individual to panic. Fear is the enemy of discipline. 3 Using self-control will allow you to harness your fear and channel that emotion towards accomplishing the mission at hand. * Transition: Along with discipline, proficiency as a Marine is required for any member of the Marine Corps to accomplish their specific tasks. Proficiency is defined as the technical, tactical and physical ability of the individuals in a unit to accomplish a given mission. Being proficient in your MOS is to know what to do; how to do it the right way; and knowing how to solve a situation should a problem arise. Being proficient as a Marine, involves showing that you can accomplish the basic operating procedures required. Transition: Being proficient in your job as a Marine rifleman as well as your MOS, can give you the motivation to go above and beyond what is expected of you. Motivation can be described as wanting to set and achieve the highest goals possible. Wanting to get a perfect score on a PFT is an example of wanting to uphold the high standards set by the Marine Corps. Using fear as motivation to accomplish your task is a perfect example of self-control. Transition: â€Å"They are faced with impossible odds, and I have no valid reason to substantiate it, but I have a feeling they will halt the enemy. I realize my expression of hope is unsound, but these Marines have the swagger, confidence, and hardness that must have been in Stonewall Jackson’s Army of the Shenandoah. 4 Esprit de Corps is present when units show a degree of pride, vigor, and gumption. Have a strong competitive spirit with other Marines. Training with other Marines to better one another, shows competitiveness, cohesion, and helps you become more proficient as a Marine; enabling you to overcome your fear of any task or situation. Show pride in the history of the Corps and observe its many traditions. 1. Taking a walk through the National Museum of the Marine Corps and mmersing yourself in our history and learning about those that came before you can strengthen the esprit de corps within yourself. 2. Observation of traditions such as the Marine Corps birthday shows your recognition of the important role Marines have played in forming the United States of America into the country it is today. Transition: While esprit de corps shows the enthusiasm the unit expresses for the Marine Corps, morale depends on a Marines attitude towards everything that affects them. Morale is an individual’s state of mind. High morale gives the Marine a feeling of confidence and well-being that enables them to face hardship with courage, endurance, and determination. 6 Indicators of morale can be either positive or negative Personal appearance and hygiene. Motivation during training. A request for transfer. The usage and abuse of drugs and alcohol. 7 Summary: By demonstrating these five aspects which are; discipline, motivation, esprit de corps, morale, and proficiency, you are showing yourself and others how to overcome the obstacle of fear. As a Marine you need to be able to lead others while being able to control your fear. By channeling your emotions, you will find it easier to accomplish the mission at hand. Fear is not an option; it is a crutch the weak use to lean upon. We as Marines are not weak. References: 1. MCRP 6-11b W_CH 1 Marine Corps Values A User’s Guide for discussion leaders. Apendix E page 15-45 Foundations of leadership. paragraph one. 2. MCRP 6-11b W_CH 1 Marine Corps Values A User’s Guide for discussion leaders. Apendix E page 15-45 Foundations of leadership. paragraph two 3. MCRP 6-11b W_CH 1 Marine Corps Values A User’s Guide for discussion leaders. Apendix E page 15-46 Foundations of leadership. paragraph one 4. MCRP 6-11b W_CH 1 Marine Corps Values A User’s Guide for discussion leaders. this kind of war, t. r. Fehrenback page 12-37 5. MCRP 6-11b W_CH 1 Marine Corps Values A User’s Guide for discussion leaders. page 21-36 paragraph two 6. MCRP 6-11b W_CH 1 Marine Corps Values A User’s Guide for discussion leaders. page 15-8 subparagraph A 7. MCRP 6-11b W_CH 1 Marine Corps Values A User’s Guide for discussion leaders. page 15-8 paragraph 2 How to cite Over Coming Fear, Papers

Nozick`s Enlightenment Essays - Deontological Ethics,

Nozick`s Enlightenment According to Nozick there are three sets of rules of justice, defining: 1. how things not previously possessed by anyone may be acquired; 2. how possession may be transferred from one person to another; and 3. what must be done to rectify injustices arising from violations of (1) and (2). A distribution is just if it has arisen in accordance with these three sets of rules. See pp. 151-2. Nozick does not try to specify in detail the rules under the above three headings ('I shall not attempt that task here', p. 153). However, he does give some further information on rules of acquisition; see p. 174ff. He follows John Locke who as Nozick interprets him held that a person has a right (1) to own what he makes, and (2) to appropriate anything not already owned, provided he leaves 'enough and as good' for others - i.e. provided his appropriation leaves them no worse off. (Nozick calls this the 'Lockean proviso'.) It is not clear how Nozick would defend (1) against his own criticisms of Locke (p. 174-5). As for (2), he points out that the proviso cannot reasonably be taken to mean that there can be no worsening of others' opportunities to appropriate; it must mean that in other respects they are no worse off. Nozick raises the question 'No worse than they would be how?' What is the baseline? In Rawls's theory the representative worst-off person must be no worse off than he would be under any other possible arrangement. Nozick rejects this, but does not define another baseline: 'This question of fixing a baseline needs more detailed investigation that we are able to give it here'; p. 177. However, 'whether or not Locke's particular theory of appropriation can be spelled out so as to handle various difficulties, I assume that any adequate theory of Justice in acquisition will contain a proviso similar to the weaker of the ones we have attributed to Locke'; p. 178. Nozick says that the proviso is violated if a person appropriates all of something necessary to life - or purchases it, or combines with the other owners of it, or finds himself the sole owner when other supplies are lost (e.g. when all the other water holes dry up). Nozick refers to the possibility of losing entitlement to something that was originally yours because of developments since, such as the drying up of other waterholes, as the 'historical shadow' of the Lockean proviso; p. 180. Comparison with Rawls's Theory Nozick classifies theories of justice as (1) either end-result or historical, and (2) either patterned or unpatterned. The entitlement theory is historical and unpatterned. It does not demand that the distribution resulting from just acquisitions, transfers and rectifications be patterned, i.e. correlated with anything else (such as moral merit, need, usefulness to society); people may be entitled to things got by chance or gift. Any distribution, irrespective of any pattern it may or may not have, is just provided it has the appropriate history, provided it did in fact come about in accordance with the rules of acquisition, transfer and rectification. Rawls's theory on the other hand, is an end-result theory. Choice of principles behind a 'veil of ignorance', must be based on calculations about what people are likely to end up with under the various possible sets of principles - there is no other way of choosing (is there?); p. 202. Therefore if any historical entitlement theory is correct, Rawls's approach is wrong. Notice that this imposes on Rawls in the job of showing that no possible version of an historical entitlement theory could be correct. He might reply that he intends to stick to his own theory until someone actually produces a correct entitlement theory; Nozick has not, because his theory is merely a sketch with many important details not worked out. Nozick points out (p. 207 ff) an analogy between his own entitlement theory and the process by which in Rawls's theory the rules of justice are arrived at. Rawls specifies an initial situation and a process of deliberation, and say that whatever rules results from this are the rules of justice; similarly Nozick specifies a process, and says that whatever distribution results is just. 'Each theory specifies starting points and processes of transformation, and each accepts whatever comes out'. But Rawls's process for generating principles cannot generate process principles, but only end-result principles. Nozick says that this is ironic. It presents a dilemma: if processes are 'so great', it is a defect that the process